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What types of mortgages are there?

The type of mortgage you choose is one of the most important decisions to make when buying a property.

The best mortgage for you depends on your circumstances, future plans and whether you’re planning on living in or renting out the property.

As a mortgage is a long-term agreement, it’s important to take time and think about what you want, and how much you’ll be able to afford.

Different types of mortgages

Affordable and regional

These mortgages come with lower down-payment options to help make home ownership more attainable.

Affordable and regional mortgages are often designed for first-time home buyers, but they may also help those with non-traditional credit, or people looking to use home loan grants for down payments and/or closing costs.

Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI) may be required for loans with less than a 20% down-payment.

There are many different types of affordable lending products, such as:

Keep in mind: not everyone qualifies for these. Learn more about our affordable and regional mortgages and find out if you’re eligible.

Conforming

Conforming mortgages are conventional mortgages that meet the Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac guidelines, with loan limits set by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA).

Conforming loans may have lower interest rates than standard mortgages. There's additional criteria you'll need to meet in order to qualify, such as:

  • You can only borrow up to a certain amount, known as the dollar limit, which changes each year
  • There’s a maximum loan to value (LTV) limit, which is your loan amount as a proportion of the property’s value
  • There’s a maximum debt to income (DTI) ratio limit
  • You’ll need a high enough credit score

With a conforming mortgage, you can choose between the stability of a fixed rate, or the flexibility of an adjustable rate mortgage.

Here’s how each one works:

  • Fixed rate mortgages:
    the rate of your loan is set, so your repayments stay the same each month. You can get financing for 1-4 unit residential properties, with flexible terms
  • Adjustable rate mortgages:
    your mortgage starts with a fixed interest rate for the initial period, but then becomes adjustable, meaning your monthly payments may change depending on market conditions. The length of the initial fixed interest rate period can vary

Jumbo

Jumbo mortgages, also known as portfolio loans, are designed for larger loan amounts. Guidelines can vary as they are set by the bank or lender offering the loan.

For example, reserve requirements are when you need to hold a set amount of assets, after you've paid the down payment and closing costs. This could be a specific number of months based on the principal, interest, tax, and insurance payment (PITI) of your loan.

Understanding your payment options

Deciding on a mortgage also means considering your payment choices. These options should be considered carefully:

Principle and interest repayments

Your monthly repayments include a portion that's applied to the principle, as well as the monthly interest of your loan.

This payment method ensures your mortgage is fully paid off by the end of your loan period so you’d own the property outright.

Interest-only

Your monthly payment only covers the interest charged on your loan for that month, so the amount you owe in principle doesn’t reduce over time.

Your loan may be an 'interest-only payment' for a certain amount of time. Depending on the loan type, you'll then need to refinance this with a new loan, or your payments may rise based off the principle and number of years left.

You may be allowed to:

  • Make extra payments to reduce large payment increases
  • Pay off your loan early

Investment properties

Rental property mortgages

If you’re buying an investment property to lease out, you may need to put down a larger down payment, and could face higher interest rates.

Rental property investments can be a huge commitment, so it’s important to consider the responsibilities, costs and risks that come with being a landlord.

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